Hypertension

Hypertension:

It means raising of blood pressure.  When blood pressure 140/90 mm of Hg or more at the 2 or 3 consequetive measurement at  2/3 weeks intervel more than age of 18 years then it is called hypertension.

Caiuse:

primary or essential hypertention:
more than 95% are this type hypertension. The cause unknown. but some factor influence in primary hypertension.

Secondary Hypertension: 

1.Alcohol drinking
2.Obesity
3.Pregnency
4. Renal causes-  renal artery stenosis, polysistic kidney disease.
5. Endocrine causes- Cushing syndrome, pheochromocytoma, conn's disease, hyper-parathyroidism, thyrotoxicosis.
6.Drugs- oral contraceptive pill, corticosteroid, NSAIDs etc.

Clinical feature

1. Mostly asymptomatic
2.Headache
3.Dizziness
4. Insomnia
5. Palpitation
6. Polyuria
7. Epistaxis, haematuria
8. Blurring of vision
9. Flushing

Investigation

1. Blood pressure- 2/3 times at least 2 weeks interval in suspected cases.
2. Urine examination-  to detect blood, protein, glucose
3. Blood urea
4. serum cholesterol and LDH
5.ECG

Management

Drugs: According to Physian prescribtion

*****ADVICE******

It is very important. Everybody should follow this
1.Restricted salt in later age
2. Avoid fatty food such as fast food
3. Avoid alcohol drinking
4. Avoid smoking
5. Regular exercise
6. Weight reduction